Microscope mai kyalli nau'in microscope ne na gani wanda ke amfani da tushen haske mai ƙarfi don haskaka samfurin kuma ya faranta ran fulorochromes a cikin samfurin. Hasken samfurin yawanci ana yin shi tare da tushen haske wanda ke fitar da hasken ultraviolet. Ana amfani da su sosai a fannin nazarin halittu, likitanci da masana'antu.
Ta yaya microscope mai haske ke aiki?
Na'urar hangen nesa mai haske yana amfani da fitilar mercury ko xenon don samar da hasken ultraviolet. Hasken yana zuwa cikin na'ura mai kwakwalwa kuma ya buga madubi dichroic - madubi wanda ke nuna kewayon tsayi guda ɗaya kuma yana ba da damar wani kewayo ya wuce. Madubin dichroic yana nuna hasken ultraviolet har zuwa samfurin. Wasu samfurori suna yin kyalli a ƙarƙashin hasken ultraviolet saboda suna ɗauke da abubuwa masu kyalli kamar chlorophyll. Idan samfurin da za a duba bai yi haske a zahiri ba, ana iya sanya shi da rini mai kyalli da ake kira fluorochromes.
Menene microscope mai haske ya ƙunshi?
1. Hasken Haske
Mafi yawan hanyoyin haske sune mercury, xenon, da LEDs. Mercury yana ba da mafi kyawun ingancin haske don microscope mai kyalli. LEDs suna zama mafi shahara saboda ba su da tsada fiye da sauran hanyoyin kuma suna cinye ƙarancin wuta.
| Mercury Lamp | Xenon Lamba | LED | |
| Tsayin Hasken Fitowa | 350-370 nm | 400nm ~ 450nm | 400-700 nm |
| Rayuwa (awa) | 200-300 | 400-600 | 10000 |
| Amfani | 1. Hasken Ƙarfin Ƙarfi, Mafi Girman Hasken Haske. 2. Yana fitar da ultraviolet mai ƙarfi da shuɗi-violet don tada kowane nau'in fluorophores. 3. Hotuna masu haske da launi. | 1. Ƙarfin gani yana da ƙarfi. 2. Ƙarfi mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi a cikin infrared da tsakiyar infrared. | 1. Sauƙi don maye gurbin. 2. Babu buƙatar dumama. 3. Ana iya kunnawa da kashewa nan take. 4. Sarrafa ƙarfin tushen haske. |
| Hasara | 1. Tsawon Rayuwa. 2. Dogon lokacin dumi. | 1. Ana buƙatar akwatin wutar lantarki mai ƙarancin wuta na musamman don zafi mai yawa. 2. Mafi tsada fiye da fitilar Mercury | 1. Hasken UV yayi rauni fiye da fitilar mercury. 2.Kowane tsawon haske yana buƙatar LED daban-daban saboda ƙananan bandwidths da suke fitarwa. |
Haɗe-haɗe na Fluorescent na Mercury
LED Fluorescent Attachment
2. Tace zumudi
Tatar da tashin hankali yana da mahimmanci don aikin na'urar hangen nesa mai haske. Yana wuce hasken ɗan gajeren zango, wanda rini mai kyalli zai iya sha. Hakanan, yana toshe sauran tushen haske mai ban sha'awa.
Tace Tace (B,G,U,V)
3. Dichroic Mirror
Madubin dichroic nau'in tacewar gani ne wanda ke nuna haske a wasu tsayin raƙuman ruwa yayin watsa wasu. Ana amfani da shi a cikin na'urori masu kyalli don raba tsangwama da tsayin daka.
4. Fitar da iska
Tace mai fitar da hayaki yana wuce tsayin raƙuman ruwa da fluorophore ke fitarwa kawai kuma yana toshe duk hasken da ba a so a wajen wannan rukunin - musamman ma tsayin motsin rai.
5. Rini mai kyalli
Rini mai walƙiya wasu mahadi ne na halitta waɗanda ke da mallakin walƙiya, ta inda za su iya samar da hoton kyalli ta hanyar fitar da bambanci sosai ga koren haske bayan sun yi farin ciki da hasken ultraviolet mai haskakawa. Rinyoyin da aka fi amfani dasu sune; DAPI (49,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole), acridine orange, auramine-rhodamine, Alexa Fluors, ko DyLight 488.
Nawa nau'ikan microscopes masu kyalli?
1. Madaidaicin Epifluorescence Microscope:
Shi ne mafi yawan nau'in microscope mai kyalli. Tashin hankali na fluorophore da gano hasken walƙiya ana yin su ta hanyar haske ɗaya (watau ta hanyar haƙiƙa). Mafi yawan na'urorin kyalli, musamman waɗanda ake amfani da su a cikin ilimin kimiyyar rayuwa, na ƙirar epifluorescence ne.
BS-2081F Binciken Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararru
2. Makiroscope na Confocal Fluorescence:
Confocal Fluorescence Microscope: Irin wannan nau'in microscope mai kyalli yana haɗawa da duban laser tare da hasken kyalli don samar da hoto. Ana iya amfani da shi a aikace-aikace da yawa, kamar nazarin sel da kyallen takarda, gano sunadaran da sauran abubuwa a cikin sel, da auna kaurin kayan.
BS-2081F Binciken Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararru
3. Microscope mai jujjuyawar Fluorescence
Wannan nau'in tushen hasken microscope da na'urar daukar hoto suna sama, suna fuskantar ƙasa. Dole ne kusurwar hasken ya kasance a digiri 90 dangane da saman samfurin da ake gwadawa.
BS-2095F Microscope mai jujjuyawar Fluorescent
Menene fa'idodi da rashin amfanin na'urorin kyamarori masu kyalli?
Amfani:
- Yana ba da damar kallon sel a cikin halittu masu rai ba tare da lalata su ba
- Yana ba da hotuna masu ƙarfi tare da ingantattun launuka
- Ba da damar nazarin hanyoyin rayuwa a cikin sel
- A yi amfani da su don gano nau'ikan kwayoyin halitta daban-daban a cikin sel, kamar su sunadaran ko acid nucleic.
Rashin hasara:
-Yana ba da damar kallon takamaiman sifofi a cikin tantanin halitta mai alama tare da rini mai kyalli.
Hoton bleaching saboda tashin hankali na lantarki yayin aiwatar da walƙiya na iya shafar ƙwayoyin da ke kunna rini mai kyalli. A sakamakon haka, rini masu amsawa na iya rasa kayansu na sinadarai na ƙarfin fitar da walƙiya.
- Kwayoyin suna da saukin kamuwa da tasirin phototoxic bayan sun lalace tare da rini mai kyalli, kamar yadda kwayoyin fluorophore ke sha babban makamashin photons daga haske mai tsayi.
Menene aikace-aikacen na'urar hangen nesa mai haske?
Ana amfani da ƙananan microscopes na fluorescence a fannoni daban-daban na bincike da aikace-aikacen da suka haɗa da ilimin halittar jiki, ilimin halitta, ƙwayoyin cuta, rigakafi, da magani.
1. A fannin ilmin halitta, na'ura mai walƙiya mai walƙiya yana ba da damar tantance daidai da cikakkun bayanai na salon salula da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta da ayyuka tare da taimakon alamar fenti mai kyalli.
2. A cikin fannin likitanci, na'urar hangen nesa na iya amfani da reagents masu kyalli don gano wanzuwa da rarraba kwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta, ko don taimakawa wajen sanya maƙasudin tiyata don sauƙaƙe tiyata.
3. A fannin ma’adanin ma’adinai, ana amfani da na’urar takalmi mai suna fluorescence sau da yawa wajen nazarin abubuwa da ke da abubuwan da ba za a iya samu ba, kamar su kwalta, man fetur, kwal, graphene oxide da sauran ma’adanai.
4. A cikin ilimin kimiyyar kayan aiki, ana iya amfani da microscope mai haske a cikin masana'antar yadi ko masana'antar takarda don nazarin abubuwan da ke tushen fiber.
Lokacin aikawa: Maris 14-2023