Mai kyalli Mustercopy ya sauya ikonmu don hango su da kuma yin nazarin samfurori na ilimin halitta, yana ba mu damar yin bincike cikin duniyar da ke ciki na sel da kwayoyin. Maɓalli mai mahimmanci na microscopy mai kyalli shine tushen hasken da aka yi amfani da shi don tada ƙwayoyin kyalli a cikin samfurin. A cikin shekaru, an yi amfani da hanyoyin haske daban-daban, kowannensu yana da halaye na musamman da fa'idodinsa.
1. Fitilar Mercury
Fitilar mercury mai matsananciyar matsa lamba, wanda ke tsakanin 50 zuwa 200 watts, an gina shi ta amfani da gilashin quartz kuma yana da siffar siffa. Ya ƙunshi takamaiman adadin mercury a ciki. Lokacin da yake aiki, fitarwa yana faruwa tsakanin na'urori biyu, yana haifar da mercury don ƙafe, kuma matsa lamba na ciki a cikin sararin samaniya yana ƙaruwa da sauri. Wannan tsari yawanci yana ɗaukar kusan mintuna 5 zuwa 15.
Fitowar fitilun mercury mai matsananciyar matsi yana haifar da tarwatsewa da raguwar ƙwayoyin mercury yayin fitar da wutar lantarki, wanda ke haifar da fitowar hasken photons.
Yana fitar da hasken ultraviolet mai ƙarfi da haske mai shuɗi-violet, yana sa ya dace da kayan aikin kyalli iri-iri masu ban sha'awa, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa ake amfani da shi sosai a cikin ƙaramin haske.
2. Fitilolin Xenon
Wani tushen hasken da aka saba amfani da shi a cikin abin da ake kira fluorescence microscopy shine fitilar xenon. Fitilolin Xenon, kamar fitilun mercury, suna ba da faffadan tsayin raƙuman ruwa daga ultraviolet zuwa kusa-infrared. Duk da haka, sun bambanta a cikin motsin su.
Fitilolin Mercury suna mayar da hankalinsu a cikin yankunan kusa-ultraviolet, blue, da kore, wanda ke tabbatar da samar da siginar kyalli mai haske amma ya zo tare da tsananin phototoxicity. Sakamakon haka, fitilun HBO galibi ana keɓance su don ƙayyadaddun samfura ko hoto mai rauni mai rauni. Sabanin haka, tushen fitilun xenon suna da bayanin martaba mai santsi, yana ba da damar kwatancen ƙarfi a tsayi daban-daban. Wannan yanayin yana da fa'ida don aikace-aikace kamar ma'aunin tattarawar calcium ion. Fitilolin Xenon kuma suna nuna tashin hankali mai ƙarfi a cikin kewayon infrared na kusa, musamman a kusa da 800-1000 nm.
Fitilolin XBO suna da fa'idodi masu zuwa akan fitilun HBO:
① Ƙarin ƙarfin sifofi iri ɗaya
② Ƙaƙƙarfan ƙwanƙwasa mai ƙarfi a cikin infrared da tsakiyar yankunan infrared
③ Mafi girman fitarwar makamashi, yana sauƙaƙa kaiwa ga buɗewar haƙiƙa.
3. LEDs
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, wani sabon dan takara ya fito a cikin yanayin hasken hasken microscopy mai haske: LEDs. LEDs suna ba da fa'idar saurin kashewa a cikin millise seconds, rage lokutan bayyanar samfurin da kuma tsawaita rayuwar samfuran m. Bugu da ƙari, hasken LED yana nuna ɓarna mai sauri kuma daidai, yana rage yawan phototoxicity yayin gwaje-gwajen ƙwayoyin rai na dogon lokaci.
Idan aka kwatanta da fararen tushen haske, LEDs yawanci suna fitarwa a cikin kunkuntar bakan tashin hankali. Koyaya, ana samun makada na LED da yawa, suna ba da izinin aikace-aikacen kyalli masu launuka iri-iri, suna sanya LEDs su zama zaɓin da ya fi shahara a cikin saitunan ƙayyadaddun haske na zamani.
4. Lasers Light Source
Maɓuɓɓugan hasken Laser suna da monochromatic sosai da kuma jagora, yana mai da su manufa don ƙananan ƙididdiga masu ƙima, gami da manyan dabarun ƙuduri irin su STED (Ƙarar Ƙarfafawa) da PALM (Photoactivated Localization Microscope). Ana zaɓar hasken Laser yawanci don dacewa da takamaiman tsayin tashin hankali da ake buƙata don maƙasudin fluorophore, yana ba da zaɓi mai girma da daidaito a cikin haɓakar haske.
Zaɓin tushen hasken microscope mai kyalli ya dogara da takamaiman buƙatun gwaji da halayen samfurin. Da fatan za a ji daɗin tuntuɓar mu idan kuna buƙatar kowane taimako
Lokacin aikawa: Satumba-13-2023