Akwai nau'ikan microscopes da yawa, kuma iyakar abin dubawa kuma ya fi fadi da fadi.Kusan magana, ana iya raba su zuwa microscopes na gani da na'urorin lantarki.Na farko yana amfani da hasken da ake iya gani a matsayin tushen haske, na biyun kuma yana amfani da hasken lantarki a matsayin tushen haske.Za a iya raba na'urorin gani na gani zuwa nau'i daban-daban bisa ga tsarin su, hanyar lura da amfani.
A cikin wannan labarin, za mu raba su zuwa nau'ikan 9 da aka fi sani da amfani da su, ta yadda za ku iya fahimtar microscope kuma ku zaɓi samfurin da ya dace.
- Microscope na Halittu
Bangaren gani na microscope na halitta ya haɗa da guntun ido da ruwan tabarau na haƙiƙa.Lens na haƙiƙa shine ainihin abin da ke tattare da microscope.Manufofin gama gari sune 4x, 10x, 40x, da 100x, waɗanda aka raba zuwa matakai uku: achromatic, Semi-plan achromatic, da shirin achromatic.Ana iya raba tsarin gani zuwa maƙasudi masu iyaka da maƙasudai marasa iyaka.Shirye-shiryen achromatic manufofin ba su da lahani a fagen kallo kuma ana amfani da su a cikin binciken kimiyya da ƙwararrun likitanci.Za a iya raba kai na microscope zuwa monocular, binocular da kai trinocular.Binocular microscopes na iya ganin samfurori tare da idanu biyu a lokaci guda.Za a iya haɗa ƙarin ɓangarorin ido don microscope trinocular zuwa kyamarori ko na'urorin ido na dijital don nuna hotuna, aunawa da tantancewa kamar yadda ake buƙata don aiki ko bincike.
Samfuran da aka fi gani sun haɗa da nunin faifan halitta, ƙwayoyin halitta, ƙwayoyin cuta da al'adun nama, lalata ruwa.Za a iya amfani da na'urorin na'urorin halitta don dubawa, tantancewa da bincike kan maniyyi, jini, fitsari, najasa, cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta da sauransu.Hakanan za'a iya amfani da na'urorin microscopes na halitta don lura da abubuwa masu gaskiya ko bayyanannu, foda da ƙananan barbashi, da sauransu.
- Sitiriyo Microscope
Microscopes na sitiriyo suna aiki ta hanyar amfani da hanyoyi guda biyu masu haske a kusurwoyi daban-daban don samar da ra'ayi mai girma uku na samfurin a ƙarƙashin ruwan tabarau, wanda za'a iya gani ta hanyar idanu na binocular.Yawanci, girman girman 10x zuwa 40x yana samuwa, kuma wannan ƙananan haɓakawa, haɗe tare da babban filin kallo da nisa aiki, yana ba da damar yin amfani da abin da ke ƙarƙashin kallo.Don abubuwa mara kyau, yana amfani da haske mai haske don ingantacciyar kallon 3D.
Ana amfani da microscopes na sitiriyo da yawa wajen kera abubuwa kamar allunan kewayawa, kayan lantarki, semiconductor da lura da ilimin botanical da nazari.Hakanan za'a iya amfani da sitiriyo microscopes don gwaje-gwaje daban-daban da bincike kamar koyarwar ilimin halittar dabbobi, gwajin jarirai da kimiyyar rayuwa.
Polarizing Microscope
Polarizing Microscopes suna amfani da magudin haske don ƙara bambanci tsakanin sassa daban-daban da yawa a ƙarƙashin haɓakawa.Suna amfani da watsawa da / ko haske mai haske, tacewa ta hanyar polarizer da sarrafawa ta hanyar nazari, don nuna bambance-bambance a cikin rubutu, yawa, da launi a saman samfurin.Sabili da haka, sun dace don kallon kayan birefringent.
Ana amfani da na'urori masu ƙima da yawa a cikin ilimin ƙasa, ilimin kimiyyar halittu, sunadarai da sauran masana'antu makamantan su.
Karfe Microscope
Na'urorin ƙarfe na ƙarfe su ne ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta masu ƙarfi waɗanda aka tsara don lura da samfurori waɗanda ba sa barin haske ya wuce ta.Hasken da aka haskaka yana haskakawa ta hanyar ruwan tabarau na haƙiƙa, yana samar da ma'anar 50x, 100x, 200x, 500x, kuma wani lokacin har ma da 1000x.Ana amfani da microscope na metallographic don bincika ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, fashe-fashe masu girman ƙananan ƙananan, sutura masu bakin ciki sosai kamar fenti da girman hatsi a cikin karafa.
Ana amfani da microscopes na ƙarfe a cikin masana'antar sararin samaniya, masana'antar kera motoci, da kamfanoni waɗanda ke nazarin tsarin ƙarfe, abubuwan haɗin gwiwa, gilashin, itace, yumbu, polymers, da lu'ulu'u na ruwa.Hakanan ana iya amfani da su don samfuran da ke da alaƙa a cikin masana'antar semiconductor da dubawa da nazarin wafers.
Fluorescent Microscope
Microscopes masu walƙiya suna fitar da haske akan sel masu tabo da rini mai kyalli, suna barin fasalulluka na tantanin halitta su iya gani a sarari fiye da na'urar gani ta al'ada ta amfani da haske mai haske.Microscopes na Fluorescent suma suna da matukar kulawa kuma suna iya gano bambance-bambance a cikin haske da tsayin igiyoyin ruwa.Wannan yana ba da damar duba cikakkun bayanai waɗanda ba za a iya gani tare da daidaitattun maƙallan gani na farin haske ba.
An fi amfani da shi a cikin ilmin halitta da magani don nazarin sunadarai na salula da gano kwayoyin cuta a cikin kwayoyin halitta.
Gemological Microscope
Gemological Microscope na tsaye biyu mai sauƙaƙan sitiriyo ci gaba da zuƙowa microscope.Girman da aka saba amfani da shi shine sau 10 zuwa 80.An sanye shi da tushen haske na ƙasa da tushen haske na sama, an kuma sanye shi da hasken filin duhu wanda aka yi amfani da shi tare da tushen hasken ƙasa, daidaitacce diaphragm da shirye-shiryen gemstone.Yana ba masu amfani damar gudanar da lura da abubuwa da yawa da bincike kan duwatsu masu daraja ta amfani da hanyoyin da aka watsa ko nunawa.
Ana amfani da shi don lura da kimanta gemstones na nau'i daban-daban da maki daban-daban, da kuma saitin gemstone, taro, da gyarawa.
Kwatanta Microscope
Kwatanta microscopes su ne na musamman microscopes, su kuma ake kira forensic microscopes.Ba wai kawai yana da tasirin haɓakawa na microscope na yau da kullun ba, amma kuma yana iya lura da hoton abu hagu da dama a cikin tsarin gani lokaci guda tare da saitin kayan ido.Yana iya kwatanta abubuwa biyu ko fiye da macroscopically ko na ɗan ƙaramin abu don bincika, bincika da gano ƙananan bambance-bambancen su a cikin tsari, tsari, tsari, launi ko kayan aiki ta hanyar docking, yanke, overlapping, juyawa, da dai sauransu Domin cimma manufar ganewa da kwatantawa. .
Babban aikace-aikacen waɗannan nau'ikan microscopes biyu suna cikin ilimin laifuka da ballistics.Su ne ginshiƙi na kimiyyar bincike, kuma.Sauran fannonin kimiyya, gami da ilmin burbushin halittu da ilimin kimiya na kayan tarihi, suma suna amfani da waɗannan na'urori na musamman na mahalli.
Microscope mai duhu
Akwai takardar haske a tsakiyar na'urar na'urar na'urar na'ura mai ma'ana mai duhu, don kada hasken hasken ya shiga cikin ruwan tabarau na haƙiƙa, kuma kawai hasken da ke haskakawa da rarrabuwar samfurin yana ba da izinin shigar da ruwan tabarau na haƙiƙa, don haka bangon baya. na filin kallo baƙar fata ne, kuma gefen abin yana da haske.Yin amfani da wannan na'ura mai ma'ana, ana iya ganin ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta masu ƙanƙanta kamar 4-200 nm, kuma ƙuduri na iya zama mafi girma sau 50 fiye da na ƙananan microscopes.
Hasken Darkfield ya dace musamman don nuna kwane-kwane, gefuna, iyakoki da gradients mai jujjuyawa.Don lura da ƙananan halittun ruwa, diatoms, ƙananan kwari, ƙashi, zaruruwa, gashi, ƙwayoyin cuta marasa tabo, yisti, ƙwayoyin al'adun nama da protozoa.
Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren lokaci
Mikaroscope mai ban mamaki na lokaci yana amfani da rarrabuwar kawuna da tsangwama na haske don canza bambancin hanyar gani ko bambancin lokaci na hasken da ke wucewa ta cikin samfurin zuwa na'urar hangen nesa mai girma wanda ido tsirara zai iya warwarewa.Bambanci tsakanin haske da duhu a cikin hotuna na abubuwa tare da nau'i daban-daban yana inganta, wanda za'a iya amfani dashi don lura da tsarin sel marasa lahani.Za'a iya raba maƙarorin bambance-bambancen lokaci zuwa madaidaitan microscopes na tsaka-tsakin lokaci da jujjuyawar maƙarorin bambancin lokaci.
An fi amfani da shi don noma da lura da maniyyi, sel masu rai da kwayoyin cuta, da kuma samar da ayyuka na musamman kamar lura da ilimin halittar mahaifa da bambancin matakan amfrayo.
Fata abin da ke sama zai iya taimaka muku zaɓar nau'in microscope daidai, idan kuna da wasu tambayoyi, da fatan za a tuntuɓe mu.
Lokacin aikawa: Satumba-06-2022